misc: remove unused import and format code.

src/combinators.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ use crate::combinators::left_right_parsers::{LeftParser, RightParser};
 use crate::combinators::many_parsers::{
     Many1Parser, Many1TillParser, ManyParser, ManyTillParser, Skip1Parser, SkipParser,
 };
-use crate::combinators::separated_parsers::{SeparateBy1Parser, SeparateOrEndBy1Parser};
+use crate::combinators::separated_parsers::{
+    QuoteParser, SeparateBy1Parser, SeparateOrEndBy1Parser,
+};
 use crate::combinators::tuple_parser::{ParserTuple, TupleParser};
 use crate::parser::{any, Parser};
 use std::fmt::Debug;
@@ -190,7 +192,13 @@ where
     PLeft: Parser<'a, TToken, TLeft, TContext>,
     PRight: Parser<'a, TToken, TRight, TContext>,
 {
-    left.right(parser.many_till(right))
+    QuoteParser {
+        left,
+        parser,
+        right,
+        left_data: PhantomData,
+        right_data: PhantomData,
+    }
 }
 
 pub fn separate_by1<'a, TToken, T: 'a, TSeparator: 'a, TContext, P, PSeparator>(
@@ -219,7 +227,7 @@ where
     PSeparator: Parser<'a, TToken, TSeparator, TContext>,
 {
     separate_by1(parser, separator).next(|r| match r {
-        Err((input, _)) => Ok((input, vec![])),
+        Err(r) => Ok((r.input(), vec![])),
         r => r,
     })
 }
@@ -274,7 +282,7 @@ where
     PSeparator: Parser<'a, TToken, TSeparator, TContext>,
 {
     separate_or_end_by1(parser, separator).next(|r| match r {
-        Err((i, _)) => Ok((i, vec![])),
+        Err(r) => Ok((r.input(), vec![])),
         r => r,
     })
 }

src/combinators/alternate_parser.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
         match self.first.parse(context.clone(), input) {
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ mod test {
     #[test]
     fn alternate_test() {
         fn parser(
-            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
             input: &[char],
         ) -> ParserResult<char, char> {
             char_parser('a')
@@ -47,35 +47,35 @@ mod test {
                 .parse(context, input)
         }
 
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("a", ()), &'a', parser);
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()), &'b', parser);
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("c", ()), &'c', parser);
+        parser_test_helper("a", &'a', parser);
+        parser_test_helper("b", &'b', parser);
+        parser_test_helper("c", &'c', parser);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn alternate_macro_test() {
         fn parser(
-            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
             input: &[char],
         ) -> ParserResult<char, char> {
             alternate!(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b'), char_parser('c')).parse(context, input)
         }
 
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("a", ()), &'a', parser);
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()), &'b', parser);
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("c", ()), &'c', parser);
+        parser_test_helper("a", &'a', parser);
+        parser_test_helper("b", &'b', parser);
+        parser_test_helper("c", &'c', parser);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn alternate_function_test() {
         fn parser(
-            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
             input: &[char],
         ) -> ParserResult<char, char> {
             alternate!(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(context, input)
         }
 
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("a", ()), &'a', |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("a", &'a', |c, i| {
             let parser = alternate!(parser, char_parser('c'));
             let parser = alternate!(parser, char_parser('d'));
             parser.parse(c, i)
@@ -85,27 +85,23 @@ mod test {
     #[test]
     fn alternate_pure_function_test() {
         fn parser1(
-            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
             input: &[char],
         ) -> ParserResult<char, &[char]> {
             alternate!(char_parser('a').literal(), char_parser('b').literal()).parse(context, input)
         }
 
         fn parser2(
-            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
             input: &[char],
         ) -> ParserResult<char, &[char]> {
             alternate!(char_parser('c').literal(), char_parser('d').literal()).parse(context, input)
         }
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("a", ()),
-            &"a".to_owned(),
-            |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("a", &"a".to_owned(), |c, i| {
             alternate!(parser1, parser2)
                 .map(|x| x.iter().map(|x| x.clone()).collect())
                 .parse(c, i)
-            },
-        );
+        });
     }
 }

src/combinators/left_right_parsers.rs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
         let (input, r) = self.left_parser.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, TRight> {
         let (input, _) = self.left_parser.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -58,19 +58,19 @@ where
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
     use crate::combinators::ParserExt;
-    use crate::parser::{parser_test_helper, Parser, ParserContext};
+    use crate::parser::{parser_test_helper, Parser};
     use crate::text::char_parser;
 
     #[test]
     fn left_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &'a', |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'a', |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').left(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn right_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &'b', |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'b', |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').right(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         })
     }

src/combinators/many_parsers.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, Vec<T>> {
         let mut result = vec![];
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, Vec<T>> {
         let (mut input, first_result) = self.parser.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, ()> {
         let mut input = input;
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, ()> {
         let (mut input, _) = self.parser.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, Vec<T>> {
         let mut input = input;
@@ -136,9 +136,9 @@ where
                 input = i;
                 result.push(r);
             } else {
-                return Err((
+                return Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(
                     input,
-                    FailedParserResult::new("End with other elements.".to_owned()),
+                    "End with other elements.",
                 ));
             }
         }
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, Vec<T>> {
         let (mut input, r) = self.parser.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -174,9 +174,9 @@ where
                 result.push(r);
                 input = i;
             } else {
-                return Err((
+                return Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(
                     input,
-                    FailedParserResult::new("End with other elements.".to_owned()),
+                    "End with other elements.",
                 ));
             }
         }
@@ -192,130 +192,112 @@ mod test {
 
     #[test]
     fn many_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aaa", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'],
-            |c, i| char_parser('a').many().parse(c, i),
-        );
-
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aaabbaa", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'],
-            |c, i| char_parser('a').many().parse(c, i),
-        );
-
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("bbaa", ()), &vec![], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aaa", &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').many().parse(c, i)
         });
 
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("", ()), &vec![], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aaabbaa", &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').many().parse(c, i)
         });
+
+        parser_test_helper("bbaa", &vec![], |c, i| char_parser('a').many().parse(c, i));
+
+        parser_test_helper("", &vec![], |c, i| char_parser('a').many().parse(c, i));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn many1_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aaa", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'],
-            |c, i| char_parser('a').many1().parse(c, i),
-        );
-
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aaabbaa", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'],
-            |c, i| char_parser('a').many1().parse(c, i),
-        );
-
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("bbaa", ()), |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aaa", &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').many1().parse(c, i)
         });
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("", ()), |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aaabbaa", &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').many1().parse(c, i)
         });
+
+        failed_parser_test_helper("bbaa", |c, i| char_parser('a').many1().parse(c, i));
+
+        failed_parser_test_helper("baa", |c, i| char_parser('a').many1().parse(c, i));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn skip_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("aaab", ()), &'b', |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aaab", &'b', |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').skip().right(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
 
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()), &'b', |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("b", &'b', |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').skip().right(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn skip1_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("aaab", ()), &'b', |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aaab", &'b', |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').skip1().right(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()), |c, i| {
+        failed_parser_test_helper("b", |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').skip1().right(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn many_till_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aaab", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'],
-            |c, i| char_parser('a').many_till(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i),
-        );
-
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()), &vec![], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aaab", &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').many_till(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("aaacb", ()), |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("b", &vec![], |c, i| {
+            char_parser('a').many_till(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+
+        parser_test_helper("aaabc", &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], |c, i| {
+            char_parser('a')
+                .many_till(char_parser('b'))
+                .left(char_parser('b'))
+                .left(char_parser('c'))
+                .parse(c, i)
+        });
+
+        failed_parser_test_helper("aaacb", |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').many_till(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn many1_till_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aaab", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'],
-            |c, i| char_parser('a').many1_till(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i),
-        );
-
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()), |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aaab", &vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').many1_till(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("aaacb", ()), |c, i| {
+        failed_parser_test_helper("b", |c, i| {
+            char_parser('a').many1_till(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+
+        failed_parser_test_helper("aaacb", |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').many1_till(char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn take_till_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aaab", ()),
-            &(vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], 'b'),
-            |c, i| tuple((take_till(char_parser('b')), char_parser('b'))).parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("aaab", &(vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], 'b'), |c, i| {
+            tuple((take_till(char_parser('b')), char_parser('b'))).parse(c, i)
+        });
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()),
-            &(vec![], 'b'),
-            |c, i| tuple((take_till(char_parser('b')), char_parser('b'))).parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("b", &(vec![], 'b'), |c, i| {
+            tuple((take_till(char_parser('b')), char_parser('b'))).parse(c, i)
+        });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn take1_till_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aaab", ()),
-            &(vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], 'b'),
-            |c, i| tuple((take1_till(char_parser('b')), char_parser('b'))).parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("aaab", &(vec!['a', 'a', 'a'], 'b'), |c, i| {
+            tuple((take1_till(char_parser('b')), char_parser('b'))).parse(c, i)
+        });
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()), |c, i| {
+        failed_parser_test_helper("b", |c, i| {
             tuple((take1_till(char_parser('b')), char_parser('b'))).parse(c, i)
         });
     }

src/combinators/separated_parsers.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,60 @@
-use crate::parser::{Parser, ParserContext, ParserResult};
+use crate::parser::{FailedParserResult, Parser, ParserContext, ParserResult};
 use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::fmt::Debug;
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
+pub struct QuoteParser<P, PLeft, PRight, TLeft, TRight> {
+    pub(crate) parser: P,
+    pub(crate) left: PLeft,
+    pub(crate) right: PRight,
+    pub(crate) left_data: PhantomData<TLeft>,
+    pub(crate) right_data: PhantomData<TRight>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, TToken, T: 'a, TLeft: 'a, TRight: 'a, TContext, P, PLeft, PRight>
+    Parser<'a, TToken, Vec<T>, TContext> for QuoteParser<P, PLeft, PRight, TLeft, TRight>
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    P: Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext>,
+    PLeft: Parser<'a, TToken, TLeft, TContext>,
+    PRight: Parser<'a, TToken, TRight, TContext>,
+{
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [TToken],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, Vec<T>> {
+        let (mut input, _) = match self.left.parse(context.clone(), input) {
+            Err(r) => Err(FailedParserResult::new(
+                r.input(),
+                format!("Failed to parse left quote: {}", r.message()),
+            )),
+            r => r,
+        }?;
+
+        let mut result = vec![];
+
+        loop {
+            if let Ok((i, _)) = self.right.parse(context.clone(), input) {
+                input = i;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if let Ok((i, r)) = self.parser.parse(context.clone(), input) {
+                input = i;
+                result.push(r);
+            } else {
+                return Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(
+                    input,
+                    "Quote without the right quote.",
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        Ok((input, result))
+    }
+}
+
 pub struct SeparateBy1Parser<P, PSeparator, TSeparator> {
     pub(crate) parser: P,
     pub(crate) separator: PSeparator,
@@ -19,7 +70,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, Vec<T>> {
         let (mut input, first) = self.parser.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -54,7 +105,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, Vec<T>> {
         let (mut input, first) = self.parser.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -82,6 +133,7 @@ mod test {
     use super::*;
     use crate::combinators::{
         end_by, end_by1, quote, separate_by, separate_by1, separate_or_end_by, separate_or_end_by1,
+        ParserExt,
     };
     use crate::parser::{failed_parser_test_helper, parser_test_helper, satisfy};
     use crate::text::char_parser;
@@ -89,7 +141,7 @@ mod test {
     #[test]
     fn quote_test() {
         fn parser(
-            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
             input: &[char],
         ) -> ParserResult<char, Vec<char>> {
             quote(
@@ -100,140 +152,112 @@ mod test {
             .parse(context, input)
         }
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("'abc'", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'b', 'c'],
-            parser,
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("''", ()), &vec![], parser);
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("asd", ()), parser)
+        parser_test_helper("'abc'", &vec!['a', 'b', 'c'], parser);
+        parser_test_helper("''", &vec![], parser);
+        failed_parser_test_helper("asd", parser);
+
+        parser_test_helper("'a'b", &vec!['a'], |c, i| {
+            quote(char_parser('\''), char_parser('a'), char_parser('\''))
+                .left(char_parser('b'))
+                .parse(c, i)
+        })
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn separate_by1_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("a,b,c", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'b', 'c'],
-            |c, i| separate_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i),
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("a", ()), &vec!['a'], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("a,b,c", &vec!['a', 'b', 'c'], |c, i| {
+            separate_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        parser_test_helper("a", &vec!['a'], |c, i| {
+            separate_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        parser_test_helper("bbc", &vec!['b'], |c, i| {
             separate_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("bbc", ()),
-            &vec!['b'],
-            |c, i| separate_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i),
-        );
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn separate_by_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("1,2,3", ()),
-            &vec!['1', '2', '3'],
-            |c, i| separate_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i),
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("1", ()), &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("1,2,3", &vec!['1', '2', '3'], |c, i| {
             separate_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("", ()), &vec![], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("1", &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
+            separate_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        parser_test_helper("", &vec![], |c, i| {
+            separate_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &vec!['a'], |c, i| {
             separate_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()),
-            &vec!['a'],
-            |c, i| separate_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_ascii()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i),
-        );
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn end_by1_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aab", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'a'],
-            |c, i| end_by1(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i),
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("ab", ()), &vec!['a'], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aab", &vec!['a', 'a'], |c, i| {
             end_by1(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()), |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("ab", &vec!['a'], |c, i| {
             end_by1(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("cd", ()), |c, i| {
+        failed_parser_test_helper("b", |c, i| {
+            end_by1(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        failed_parser_test_helper("cd", |c, i| {
             end_by1(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn end_by_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("aab", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'a'],
-            |c, i| end_by(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i),
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("ab", ()), &vec!['a'], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("aab", &vec!['a', 'a'], |c, i| {
             end_by(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("b", ()), &vec![], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("ab", &vec!['a'], |c, i| {
             end_by(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("cd", ()), |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("b", &vec![], |c, i| {
+            end_by(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        failed_parser_test_helper("cd", |c, i| {
             end_by(char_parser('a'), char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn separate_or_end_by1_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("1,2,3,", ()),
-            &vec!['1', '2', '3'],
-            |c, i| {
-                separate_or_end_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(','))
-                    .parse(c, i)
-            },
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("1,", ()), &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("1,2,3,", &vec!['1', '2', '3'], |c, i| {
             separate_or_end_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("1,2,3", ()),
-            &vec!['1', '2', '3'],
-            |c, i| {
-                separate_or_end_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(','))
-                    .parse(c, i)
-            },
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("1", ()), &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("1,", &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
             separate_or_end_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("1,2,3", &vec!['1', '2', '3'], |c, i| {
+            separate_or_end_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        parser_test_helper("1", &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
+            separate_or_end_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        failed_parser_test_helper("abc", |c, i| {
             separate_or_end_by1(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn separate_or_end_by_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("1,2,3,", ()),
-            &vec!['1', '2', '3'],
-            |c, i| {
-                separate_or_end_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
-            },
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("1,", ()), &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("1,2,3,", &vec!['1', '2', '3'], |c, i| {
             separate_or_end_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("1,2,3", ()),
-            &vec!['1', '2', '3'],
-            |c, i| {
-                separate_or_end_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
-            },
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("1", ()), &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("1", &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
             separate_or_end_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
         });
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &vec![], |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("1,2,3", &vec!['1', '2', '3'], |c, i| {
+            separate_or_end_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        parser_test_helper("1,", &vec!['1'], |c, i| {
+            separate_or_end_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
+        });
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &vec![], |c, i| {
             separate_or_end_by(satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()), char_parser(',')).parse(c, i)
         });
     }

src/combinators/tuple_parser.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T>;
 }
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
         self.parser.parse(context, input)
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, (T1, T2)> {
         let (input, r1) = self.0.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, (T1, T2, T3)> {
         let (input, r1) = self.0.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, (T1, T2, T3, T4)> {
         let (input, r1) = self.0.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5)> {
         let (input, r1) = self.0.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -120,6 +120,146 @@ where
     }
 }
 
+impl<
+        'a,
+        TToken,
+        T1: 'a,
+        T2: 'a,
+        T3: 'a,
+        T4: 'a,
+        T5: 'a,
+        T6: 'a,
+        TContext,
+        P1,
+        P2,
+        P3,
+        P4,
+        P5,
+        P6,
+    > ParserTuple<'a, TToken, (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6), TContext> for (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6)
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    P1: Parser<'a, TToken, T1, TContext>,
+    P2: Parser<'a, TToken, T2, TContext>,
+    P3: Parser<'a, TToken, T3, TContext>,
+    P4: Parser<'a, TToken, T4, TContext>,
+    P5: Parser<'a, TToken, T5, TContext>,
+    P6: Parser<'a, TToken, T6, TContext>,
+{
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [TToken],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6)> {
+        let (input, r1) = self.0.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r2) = self.1.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r3) = self.2.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r4) = self.3.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r5) = self.4.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r6) = self.5.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+
+        Ok((input, (r1, r2, r3, r4, r5, r6)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<
+        'a,
+        TToken,
+        T1: 'a,
+        T2: 'a,
+        T3: 'a,
+        T4: 'a,
+        T5: 'a,
+        T6: 'a,
+        T7: 'a,
+        TContext,
+        P1,
+        P2,
+        P3,
+        P4,
+        P5,
+        P6,
+        P7,
+    > ParserTuple<'a, TToken, (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7), TContext>
+    for (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7)
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    P1: Parser<'a, TToken, T1, TContext>,
+    P2: Parser<'a, TToken, T2, TContext>,
+    P3: Parser<'a, TToken, T3, TContext>,
+    P4: Parser<'a, TToken, T4, TContext>,
+    P5: Parser<'a, TToken, T5, TContext>,
+    P6: Parser<'a, TToken, T6, TContext>,
+    P7: Parser<'a, TToken, T7, TContext>,
+{
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [TToken],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7)> {
+        let (input, r1) = self.0.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r2) = self.1.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r3) = self.2.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r4) = self.3.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r5) = self.4.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r6) = self.5.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r7) = self.6.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+
+        Ok((input, (r1, r2, r3, r4, r5, r6, r7)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<
+        'a,
+        TToken,
+        T1: 'a,
+        T2: 'a,
+        T3: 'a,
+        T4: 'a,
+        T5: 'a,
+        T6: 'a,
+        T7: 'a,
+        T8: 'a,
+        TContext,
+        P1,
+        P2,
+        P3,
+        P4,
+        P5,
+        P6,
+        P7,
+        P8,
+    > ParserTuple<'a, TToken, (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8), TContext>
+    for (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8)
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    P1: Parser<'a, TToken, T1, TContext>,
+    P2: Parser<'a, TToken, T2, TContext>,
+    P3: Parser<'a, TToken, T3, TContext>,
+    P4: Parser<'a, TToken, T4, TContext>,
+    P5: Parser<'a, TToken, T5, TContext>,
+    P6: Parser<'a, TToken, T6, TContext>,
+    P7: Parser<'a, TToken, T7, TContext>,
+    P8: Parser<'a, TToken, T8, TContext>,
+{
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [TToken],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8)> {
+        let (input, r1) = self.0.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r2) = self.1.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r3) = self.2.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r4) = self.3.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r5) = self.4.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r6) = self.5.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r7) = self.6.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+        let (input, r8) = self.7.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
+
+        Ok((input, (r1, r2, r3, r4, r5, r6, r7, r8)))
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
     use super::*;
@@ -129,22 +269,15 @@ mod test {
 
     #[test]
     fn tuple_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("ab", ()),
-            &('a', 'b'),
-            |c, i| tuple((char_parser('a'), char_parser('b'))).parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("ab", &('a', 'b'), |c, i| {
+            tuple((char_parser('a'), char_parser('b'))).parse(c, i)
+        });
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()),
-            &('a', 'b', 'c'),
-            |c, i| tuple((char_parser('a'), char_parser('b'), char_parser('c'))).parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &('a', 'b', 'c'), |c, i| {
+            tuple((char_parser('a'), char_parser('b'), char_parser('c'))).parse(c, i)
+        });
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("abcd", ()),
-            &('a', 'b', 'c', 'd'),
-            |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("abcd", &('a', 'b', 'c', 'd'), |c, i| {
             tuple((
                 char_parser('a'),
                 char_parser('b'),
@@ -152,7 +285,6 @@ mod test {
                 char_parser('d'),
             ))
             .parse(c, i)
-            },
-        );
+        });
     }
 }

src/parser.rs

@@ -2,72 +2,74 @@ mod modified_parsers;
 mod primitive_parsers;
 
 use crate::parser::modified_parsers::{
-    BindParser, ConvertParser, LitervalCountParser, LitervalParser, LookAheadParser, MapParser,
-    NextParser, ReverseParser,
+    AndThenParser, BindParser, ConvertParser, LitervalCountParser, LitervalParser, LookAheadParser,
+    MapParser, NextParser, OptionalParser, ReverseParser, RunParser, TryParser,
 };
 use crate::parser::primitive_parsers::{
-    AnyParser, FailParser, FailWithMessageParser, SatisfyParser, SkipParser, SucceedParser,
-    TakeParser,
+    AnyParser, FailParser, FailWithMessageParser, SatifiedMapParser, SatisfyParser, SkipParser,
+    SucceedParser, TakeParser,
 };
 use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::error::Error;
 use std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct FailedParserResult {
+pub struct FailedParserResult<'a, TToken: Debug> {
+    input: &'a [TToken],
     message: String,
 }
 
-impl FailedParserResult {
-    pub fn new(message: String) -> Self {
-        Self { message }
+impl<'a, TToken: Debug> FailedParserResult<'a, TToken> {
+    pub fn new(input: &'a [TToken], message: String) -> Self {
+        Self { input, message }
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_with_str(input: &'a [TToken], message: &'static str) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            input,
+            message: message.to_owned(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_with_error(input: &'a [TToken], err: anyhow::Error) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            input,
+            message: format!("{}", err),
+        }
     }
 
     pub fn message(&self) -> &str {
         self.message.as_str()
     }
+
+    pub fn input(&self) -> &'a [TToken] {
+        self.input
+    }
 }
 
-impl Display for FailedParserResult {
+impl<'a, TToken: Debug> Error for FailedParserResult<'a, TToken> {}
+
+impl<'a, TToken: Debug> Display for FailedParserResult<'a, TToken> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "Parse failed: {}.", self.message)
+        write!(
+            f,
+            "Parse failed: {}, the input is '{:?}'.",
+            self.message, self.input
+        )
     }
 }
 
-pub type ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> =
-    Result<(&'a [TToken], T), (&'a [TToken], FailedParserResult)>;
+pub type ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> = Result<(&'a [TToken], T), FailedParserResult<'a, TToken>>;
 
-pub struct ParserContext<TToken, TContext>
-where
-    TToken: Debug + Clone,
-{
+pub struct ParserContext<TContext> {
     pub context: TContext,
-    input_array: Vec<TToken>,
 }
 
-impl<TToken, TContext> ParserContext<TToken, TContext>
-where
-    TToken: Debug + Clone,
-{
-    pub fn new(input: &[TToken], context: TContext) -> Rc<RefCell<Self>> {
-        Rc::new(RefCell::new(Self {
-            input_array: input.iter().map(|x| x.clone()).collect(),
-            context,
-        }))
-    }
-
-    pub fn input_slice(&self) -> &[TToken] {
-        self.input_array.as_slice()
-    }
-}
-
-impl<TContext> ParserContext<char, TContext> {
-    pub fn new_with_str(input: &str, context: TContext) -> Rc<RefCell<Self>> {
-        Rc::new(RefCell::new(Self {
-            input_array: input.chars().collect(),
-            context,
-        }))
+impl<TContext> ParserContext<TContext> {
+    pub fn new(context: TContext) -> Rc<RefCell<Self>> {
+        Rc::new(RefCell::new(Self { context }))
     }
 }
 
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T>;
 
@@ -160,6 +162,17 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    fn try_parse(self, result: T) -> TryParser<Self, T>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+        T: Clone,
+    {
+        TryParser {
+            parser: self,
+            result,
+        }
+    }
+
     fn reverse<TResult>(self, result: TResult) -> ReverseParser<Self, T, TResult>
     where
         Self: Sized,
@@ -171,19 +184,46 @@ where
             phantom_data: PhantomData,
         }
     }
+
+    fn optional(self) -> OptionalParser<Self>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        OptionalParser { parser: self }
+    }
+
+    fn run<F>(self, action: F) -> RunParser<Self, F>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+        F: Fn(&T) -> (),
+    {
+        RunParser {
+            parser: self,
+            action,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn and_then<TResult, F>(self, mapper: F) -> AndThenParser<Self, F, T>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+        F: Fn(T) -> anyhow::Result<TResult>,
+    {
+        AndThenParser {
+            parser: self,
+            mapper,
+            phantom_data: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl<'a, TToken, T: 'a, TContext, F> Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext> for F
 where
     TToken: Debug + Clone + 'a,
-    F: Fn(
-        Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
-        &'a [TToken],
-    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T>,
+    F: Fn(Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>, &'a [TToken]) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T>,
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
         (*self)(context, input)
@@ -197,7 +237,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
         (**self).parse(context, input)
@@ -241,6 +281,16 @@ where
     SatisfyParser { predicate }
 }
 
+pub fn satified_map<'a, TToken, TContext, T: 'a, F>(
+    mapper: F,
+) -> impl Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext>
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    F: Fn(&TToken) -> Option<T>,
+{
+    SatifiedMapParser { mapper }
+}
+
 pub fn any<'a, TToken, TContext>() -> impl Parser<'a, TToken, TToken, TContext>
 where
     TToken: Debug + Clone + 'a,
@@ -263,32 +313,27 @@ where
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
-pub fn parser_test_helper<T, P>(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
-    excepted_node: &T,
-    test_parser: P,
-) where
+pub fn parser_test_helper<T, P>(input: &str, excepted_node: &T, test_parser: P)
+where
     T: PartialEq + Debug,
-    P: for<'a> Fn(Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>, &'a [char]) -> ParserResult<'a, char, T>,
+    P: for<'a> Fn(Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>, &'a [char]) -> ParserResult<'a, char, T>,
 {
-    let borrowed_context = context.borrow();
-    let input = borrowed_context.input_slice();
-    let (_, actual_result) = test_parser.parse(context.clone(), input).unwrap();
+    let word: Vec<char> = input.chars().collect();
+    let (_, actual_result) = test_parser
+        .parse(ParserContext::new(()), word.as_slice())
+        .unwrap();
 
     assert_eq!(excepted_node, &actual_result);
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
-pub fn failed_parser_test_helper<T, P>(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
-    test_parser: P,
-) where
+pub fn failed_parser_test_helper<T, P>(input: &str, test_parser: P)
+where
     T: Debug,
-    P: for<'a> Fn(Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>, &'a [char]) -> ParserResult<'a, char, T>,
+    P: for<'a> Fn(Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>, &'a [char]) -> ParserResult<'a, char, T>,
 {
-    let borrowed_context = context.borrow();
-    let input = borrowed_context.input_slice();
-    let result = test_parser.parse(context.clone(), input);
+    let word: Vec<char> = input.chars().collect();
+    let result = test_parser.parse(ParserContext::new(()), word.as_slice());
 
     assert!(result.is_err());
 }

src/parser/modified_parsers.rs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T2> {
         self.parser
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T2> {
         let (input, middle) = self.parser.parse(context.clone(), input)?;
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T2> {
         self.parser
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, TResult> {
         let result = self.parser.parse(context, input);
@@ -114,18 +114,16 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, &'a [TToken]> {
         let origin_input = input;
         let (input, _) = self.parser.parse(context, input)?;
 
         if origin_input.is_empty() {
-            return Err((
+            return Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(
                 input,
-                FailedParserResult::new(
-                    "Empty input, the 'literal' parser cann't get length of elememt.".to_owned(),
-                ),
+                "Empty input, the 'literal' parser cann't get length of elememt.",
             ));
         }
 
@@ -149,18 +147,16 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, usize> {
         let origin_input = input;
         let (input, _) = self.parser.parse(context, input)?;
 
         if origin_input.is_empty() {
-            return Err((
+            return Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(
                 input,
-                FailedParserResult::new(
-                    "Empty input, the 'literal' parser cann't get length of elememt.".to_owned(),
-                ),
+                "Empty input, the 'literal' parser cann't get length of elememt.",
             ));
         }
 
@@ -183,7 +179,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
         let original_input = input;
@@ -193,6 +189,29 @@ where
     }
 }
 
+pub struct TryParser<P, T> {
+    pub(crate) parser: P,
+    pub(crate) result: T,
+}
+
+impl<'a, TToken, T, TContext, P> Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext> for TryParser<P, T>
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    T: Clone + 'a,
+    P: Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext>,
+{
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [TToken],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
+        match self.parser.parse(context, input) {
+            Err(r) => Ok((r.input, self.result.clone())),
+            r => r,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 pub struct ReverseParser<P, T, TResult> {
     pub(crate) parser: P,
     pub(crate) result: TResult,
@@ -208,15 +227,91 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, TResult> {
         match self.parser.parse(context, input) {
-            Ok((input, _)) => Err((
+            Ok(_) => Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(
                 input,
-                FailedParserResult::new("Reverse failed succeeded.".to_owned()),
+                "Reverse successful parser.",
             )),
-            Err((input, _)) => Ok((input, self.result.clone())),
+            Err(_) => Ok((input, self.result.clone())),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct OptionalParser<P> {
+    pub(crate) parser: P,
+}
+
+impl<'a, TToken, T: 'a, TContext, P> Parser<'a, TToken, Option<T>, TContext> for OptionalParser<P>
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    P: Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext>,
+{
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [TToken],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, Option<T>> {
+        match self.parser.parse(context, input) {
+            Ok(r) => Ok((r.0, Some(r.1))),
+            Err(r) => Ok((r.input, None)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct RunParser<P, F> {
+    pub(crate) parser: P,
+    pub(crate) action: F,
+}
+
+impl<'a, TToken, T: 'a, TContext, P, F> Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext> for RunParser<P, F>
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    P: Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext>,
+    F: Fn(&T) -> (),
+{
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [TToken],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
+        match self.parser.parse(context, input) {
+            Ok(r) => {
+                (self.action)(&r.1);
+
+                Ok(r)
+            }
+            r => r,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct AndThenParser<P, F, T> {
+    pub(crate) parser: P,
+    pub(crate) mapper: F,
+    pub(crate) phantom_data: PhantomData<T>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, TToken, T: 'a, TResult: 'a, TContext, P, F> Parser<'a, TToken, TResult, TContext>
+    for AndThenParser<P, F, T>
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    P: Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext>,
+    F: Fn(T) -> anyhow::Result<TResult>,
+{
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [TToken],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, TResult> {
+        match self.parser.parse(context, input) {
+            Ok((i, r)) => match (self.mapper)(r) {
+                Ok(result) => Ok((i, result)),
+                Err(err) => Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_error(i, err)),
+            },
+            Err(r) => Err(r),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -227,24 +322,20 @@ mod test {
     use crate::parser::{
         failed_parser_test_helper, parser_test_helper, satisfy, take, FailedParserResult,
     };
-    use crate::text::char_parser;
+    use crate::text::{char_parser, char_satisfy};
 
     #[test]
     fn map_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("hello, world!", ()),
-            &(),
-            |c, i| take(5).map(|_| ()).parse(c, i),
-        )
+        parser_test_helper("hello, world!", &(), |c, i| take(5).map(|_| ()).parse(c, i))
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn bind_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &'b', |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'b', |c, i| {
             char_parser('a').bind(|_| char_parser('b')).parse(c, i)
         });
 
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &'c', |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'c', |c, i| {
             char_parser('a')
                 .bind(|_| char_parser('b'))
                 .bind(|_| char_parser('c'))
@@ -263,30 +354,26 @@ mod test {
     #[test]
     fn convert_test() {
         fn single_numer_parser(
-            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
             input: &[char],
         ) -> ParserResult<char, Number> {
             let (input, result) = satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric()).parse(context, input)?;
 
             match result.to_digit(10) {
-                None => Err((input, FailedParserResult::new("What?".to_string()))),
+                None => Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(input, "What?")),
                 Some(r) => Ok((input, Number(r as i32))),
             }
         }
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("9", ()),
-            &"9".to_owned(),
-            |c, i| single_numer_parser.convert().parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("9", &"9".to_owned(), |c, i| {
+            single_numer_parser.convert().parse(c, i)
+        });
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("1", ()),
-            &"1".to_owned(),
-            |c, i| single_numer_parser.convert().parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("1", &"1".to_owned(), |c, i| {
+            single_numer_parser.convert().parse(c, i)
+        });
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), |c, i| {
+        failed_parser_test_helper("abc", |c, i| {
             single_numer_parser.convert::<String>().parse(c, i)
         });
     }
@@ -294,13 +381,13 @@ mod test {
     #[test]
     fn next_test() {
         fn parser(
-            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
             input: &[char],
         ) -> ParserResult<char, Number> {
             satisfy(|c: &char| c.is_numeric())
                 .next(|r| match r {
                     Ok((input, result)) => match result.to_digit(10) {
-                        None => Err((input, FailedParserResult::new("What?".to_string()))),
+                        None => Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(input, "What?")),
                         Some(r) => Ok((input, Number(r as i32))),
                     },
                     Err(r) => Err(r),
@@ -308,65 +395,43 @@ mod test {
                 .parse(context, input)
         }
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("9", ()),
-            &"9".to_owned(),
-            |c, i| parser.convert().parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("9", &"9".to_owned(), |c, i| parser.convert().parse(c, i));
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("1", ()),
-            &"1".to_owned(),
-            |c, i| parser.convert().parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("1", &"1".to_owned(), |c, i| parser.convert().parse(c, i));
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), |c, i| {
-            parser.convert::<String>().parse(c, i)
-        });
+        failed_parser_test_helper("abc", |c, i| parser.convert::<String>().parse(c, i));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn literal_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()),
-            &vec!['a'],
-            |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &vec!['a'], |c, i| {
             char_parser('a')
                 .literal()
                 .map(|x| x.iter().map(|x| x.clone()).collect())
                 .parse(c, i)
-            },
-        );
+        });
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'b'],
-            |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &vec!['a', 'b'], |c, i| {
             char_parser('a')
                 .bind(|_| char_parser('b'))
                 .literal()
                 .map(|x| x.iter().map(|x| x.clone()).collect())
                 .parse(c, i)
-            },
-        );
+        });
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()),
-            &vec!['a', 'b', 'c'],
-            |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &vec!['a', 'b', 'c'], |c, i| {
             char_parser('a')
                 .bind(|_| char_parser('b'))
                 .bind(|_| char_parser('c'))
                 .literal()
                 .map(|x| x.iter().map(|x| x.clone()).collect())
                 .parse(c, i)
-            },
-        );
+        });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn look_ahead_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &'a', |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'a', |c, i| {
             char_parser('a')
                 .look_ahead()
                 .bind(|_| char_parser('a'))
@@ -375,13 +440,47 @@ mod test {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn reverse_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &(), |c, i| {
-            char_parser('b').reverse(()).parse(c, i)
+    fn try_parse_test() {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'a', |c, i| {
+            char_parser('a').try_parse('a').parse(c, i)
         });
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), |c, i| {
-            char_parser('a').reverse(()).parse(c, i)
+        parser_test_helper("bc", &'a', |c, i| {
+            char_parser('a').try_parse('a').parse(c, i)
+        });
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reverse_test() {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &(), |c, i| char_parser('b').reverse(()).parse(c, i));
+
+        failed_parser_test_helper("abc", |c, i| char_parser('a').reverse(()).parse(c, i));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn optional_test() {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &Some('a'), |c, i| {
+            char_parser('a').optional().parse(c, i)
+        });
+        parser_test_helper("bc", &None, |c, i| char_parser('a').optional().parse(c, i));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn run_test() {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'a', |c, i| {
+            char_parser('a').run(|c| assert_eq!(c, &'a')).parse(c, i)
+        })
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn and_then_test() {
+        parser_test_helper("123", &1, |c, i| {
+            char_satisfy(char::is_ascii_digit)
+                .and_then(|c| {
+                    let word = c.to_string();
+                    Ok(i32::from_str_radix(word.as_str(), 10)?)
+                })
+                .parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 }

src/parser/primitive_parsers.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
         Ok((input, self.value.clone()))
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
-        Err((
+        Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(
             input,
-            FailedParserResult::new("Default failed parser.".to_owned()),
+            "Default failed parser.",
         ))
     }
 }
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
-        Err((input, FailedParserResult::new(self.message.clone())))
+        Err(FailedParserResult::new(input, self.message.clone()))
     }
 }
 
@@ -71,20 +71,43 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, TToken> {
         if input.is_empty() {
-            return Err((input, FailedParserResult::new("Input is empty.".to_owned())));
+            return Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(input, "Input is empty"));
         }
 
         if (self.predicate)(&input[0]) {
             Ok((&input[1..], input[0].clone()))
         } else {
-            Err((
-                input,
-                FailedParserResult::new("Predicate failed.".to_owned()),
-            ))
+            Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(input, "Predicate failed."))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct SatifiedMapParser<F> {
+    pub(crate) mapper: F,
+}
+
+impl<'a, TToken, TContext, T: 'a, F> Parser<'a, TToken, T, TContext> for SatifiedMapParser<F>
+where
+    TToken: Debug + Clone,
+    F: Fn(&TToken) -> Option<T>,
+{
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [TToken],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, T> {
+        if input.is_empty() {
+            return Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(input, "Input is empty"));
+        }
+
+        if let Some(result) = (self.mapper)(&input[0]) {
+            Ok((&input[1..], result))
+        } else {
+            Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(input, "Predicate failed."))
         }
     }
 }
@@ -97,11 +120,11 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, TToken> {
         if input.is_empty() {
-            Err((input, FailedParserResult::new("Input is empty.".to_owned())))
+            Err(FailedParserResult::new_with_str(input, "Input is empty"))
         } else {
             Ok((&input[1..], input[0].clone()))
         }
@@ -118,16 +141,16 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, Vec<TToken>> {
         if input.len() < self.count {
-            Err((
+            Err(FailedParserResult::new(
                 input,
-                FailedParserResult::new(format!(
+                format!(
                     "The input doesn't contain enough {} elemements.",
                     self.count
-                )),
+                ),
             ))
         } else {
             Ok((
@@ -148,16 +171,16 @@ where
 {
     fn parse(
         &self,
-        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TToken, TContext>>>,
+        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
         input: &'a [TToken],
     ) -> ParserResult<'a, TToken, ()> {
         if input.len() < self.count {
-            Err((
+            Err(FailedParserResult::new(
                 input,
-                FailedParserResult::new(format!(
+                format!(
                     "The input doesn't contain enough {} elemements.",
                     self.count
-                )),
+                ),
             ))
         } else {
             Ok((&input[self.count..], ()))
@@ -169,76 +192,69 @@ where
 mod test {
     use super::*;
     use crate::parser::{
-        any, fail, fail_with_message, failed_parser_test_helper, parser_test_helper, satisfy, skip,
-        succeed, take,
+        any, fail, fail_with_message, failed_parser_test_helper, parser_test_helper, satified_map,
+        satisfy, skip, succeed, take,
     };
 
     #[test]
     fn succeed_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &(), |c, i| {
-            succeed(()).parse(c, i)
-        });
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &(), |c, i| succeed(()).parse(c, i));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn fail_test() {
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), |c, i| {
-            fail::<char, (), ()>().parse(c, i)
-        });
+        failed_parser_test_helper("abc", |c, i| fail::<char, (), ()>().parse(c, i));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn fail_with_message_test() {
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), |c, i| {
+        failed_parser_test_helper("abc", |c, i| {
             fail_with_message::<char, (), ()>("Failed!").parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn satisfy_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &'a', |c, i| {
-            satisfy(|x| x == &'a').parse(c, i)
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'a', |c, i| satisfy(|x| x == &'a').parse(c, i));
+
+        failed_parser_test_helper("abc", |c, i| satisfy(|x| x == &'b').parse(c, i));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn satified_map_test() {
+        parser_test_helper("123", &1, |c, i| {
+            satified_map(|x: &char| x.to_digit(10)).parse(c, i)
         });
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), |c, i| {
-            satisfy(|x| x == &'b').parse(c, i)
+        parser_test_helper("23", &2, |c, i| {
+            satified_map(|x: &char| x.to_digit(10)).parse(c, i)
+        });
+
+        parser_test_helper("3", &3, |c, i| {
+            satified_map(|x: &char| x.to_digit(10)).parse(c, i)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn any_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()), &'a', |c, i| {
-            any().parse(c, i)
-        });
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'a', |c, i| any().parse(c, i));
 
-        parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("cde", ()), &'c', |c, i| {
-            any().parse(c, i)
-        });
+        parser_test_helper("cde", &'c', |c, i| any().parse(c, i));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn take_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("hello, world!", ()),
-            &("hello".chars().collect()),
-            |c, i| take(5).parse(c, i),
-        );
-
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abcd", ()), |c, i| {
+        parser_test_helper("hello, world!", &("hello".chars().collect()), |c, i| {
             take(5).parse(c, i)
         });
+
+        failed_parser_test_helper("abcd", |c, i| take(5).parse(c, i));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn skip_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("hello, world!", ()),
-            &(),
-            |c, i| skip(5).parse(c, i),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("hello, world!", &(), |c, i| skip(5).parse(c, i));
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("abcd", ()), |c, i| {
-            skip(5).parse(c, i)
-        });
+        failed_parser_test_helper("abcd", |c, i| skip(5).parse(c, i));
     }
 }

src/text.rs

@@ -1,23 +1,16 @@
-use crate::parser::{satisfy, take, FailedParserResult, Parser};
+mod string_parsers;
+
+use crate::parser::{satisfy, Parser};
+use crate::text::string_parsers::StringParser;
 
 pub fn char_parser<'a, TContext>(c: char) -> impl Parser<'a, char, char, TContext> {
     satisfy(move |x| *x == c)
 }
 
-pub fn string_parser<'a, TContext>(str: &'static str) -> impl Parser<'a, char, String, TContext> {
-    take::<char, TContext>(str.chars().count()).next(move |result| {
-        result.and_then(|(input, chars)| {
-            let chars: String = chars.iter().collect();
-            if chars == str {
-                Ok((input, chars))
-            } else {
-                Err((
-                    input,
-                    FailedParserResult::new(format!("Failed to parse '{}'.", str)),
-                ))
-            }
-        })
-    })
+pub fn string_parser<'a, TContext>(
+    str: &'static str,
+) -> impl Parser<'a, char, &'a [char], TContext> {
+    StringParser { str }
 }
 
 pub fn one_of<'a, TContext>(str: &'static str) -> impl Parser<'a, char, char, TContext> {
@@ -25,6 +18,13 @@ pub fn one_of<'a, TContext>(str: &'static str) -> impl Parser<'a, char, char, TC
     satisfy(move |c: &char| str.contains(c))
 }
 
+pub fn char_satisfy<'a, TContext, F>(condition: F) -> impl Parser<'a, char, char, TContext>
+where
+    F: Fn(&char) -> bool,
+{
+    satisfy(move |x: &char| condition(x))
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
     use super::*;
@@ -36,44 +36,44 @@ mod test {
 
     #[test]
     fn char_parser_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("abc", ()),
-            &'a',
-            |context, input| char_parser('a').parse(context, input),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'a', |context, input| {
+            char_parser('a').parse(context, input)
+        });
 
-        failed_parser_test_helper(ParserContext::new_with_str("bc", ()), |context, input| {
+        failed_parser_test_helper("bc", |context, input| {
             char_parser('a').parse(context, input)
         });
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn string_parser_test() {
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("Hello, world!", ()),
-            &"Hello".to_owned(),
-            |context, input| string_parser("Hello").parse(context, input),
-        );
+        parser_test_helper("Hello, world!", &"Hello".to_owned(), |context, input| {
+            string_parser("Hello")
+                .map(|x| x.iter().collect())
+                .parse(context, input)
+        });
 
         fn test_parser(
-            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+            context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
             input: &[char],
         ) -> ParserResult<char, String> {
             let (input, first) = string_parser("hello, ").parse(context.clone(), input)?;
             let (input, second) = string_parser("world!").parse(context.clone(), input)?;
 
-            Ok((input, first + second.as_str()))
+            Ok((
+                input,
+                first.iter().collect::<String>() + second.iter().collect::<String>().as_str(),
+            ))
         }
 
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("hello, world!", ()),
-            &"hello, world!".to_owned(),
-            test_parser,
-        );
-        parser_test_helper(
-            ParserContext::new_with_str("hello, world!", ()),
-            &(),
-            |context, input| test_parser.map(|_| ()).parse(context, input),
-        )
+        parser_test_helper("hello, world!", &"hello, world!".to_owned(), test_parser);
+        parser_test_helper("hello, world!", &(), |context, input| {
+            test_parser.map(|_| ()).parse(context, input)
+        })
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn char_satsify_test() {
+        parser_test_helper("abc", &'a', |c, i| char_satisfy(char::is_ascii).parse(c, i));
     }
 }

src/text/string_parsers.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+use crate::parser::{FailedParserResult, Parser, ParserContext, ParserResult};
+use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::rc::Rc;
+
+pub struct StringParser {
+    pub(crate) str: &'static str,
+}
+
+impl<'a, TContext> Parser<'a, char, &'a [char], TContext> for StringParser {
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        _: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<TContext>>>,
+        input: &'a [char],
+    ) -> ParserResult<'a, char, &'a [char]> {
+        let length = self.str.chars().count();
+        if input.len() < length {
+            return Err(FailedParserResult::new(
+                input,
+                format!("Failed to get enough elements for string '{}'.", self.str),
+            ));
+        }
+
+        if (&input[..length])
+            .iter()
+            .zip(self.str.chars())
+            .map(|(x, y)| *x == y)
+            .all(|x| x)
+        {
+            Ok((&input[length..], &input[..length]))
+        } else {
+            Err(FailedParserResult::new(
+                input,
+                format!("Input is not string '{}'", self.str),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}

tests/file_lexical_parser_tests.rs

@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ fn file_lexical_parser_test() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         let (_, nom_tokens) =
             nom_lexical_parser(source_file.content.as_str()).or_else(|e| Err(e.to_owned()))?;
 
-        let context = ParserContext::new_with_str(source_file.content.as_str(), ());
-        let borrowed_context = context.borrow();
-        let (_, zero_tokens) = zero_lexical_parser(context.clone(), borrowed_context.input_slice())
-            .or_else(|e| Err(anyhow!("{}", e.1)))?;
+        let context = ParserContext::new(());
+        let word: Vec<char> = source_file.content.chars().collect();
+        let (_, zero_tokens) = zero_lexical_parser(context.clone(), word.as_slice())
+            .or_else(|e| Err(anyhow!("{}", e)))?;
 
         assert_eq!(nom_tokens.len(), zero_tokens.len());
 

tests/lexical_parser_tests.rs

@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@ use zero_parser::parser::ParserContext;
 mod tokenizer;
 
 fn validate_tokens(input: &'static str, tokens: Vec<LexicalTokenType>) {
-    let context = ParserContext::new_with_str(input, ());
-    let borrowed_context = context.borrow();
+    let context = ParserContext::new(());
+    let word: Vec<char> = input.chars().collect();
 
-    let (_, actual_tokens) =
-        zero_lexical_parser(context.clone(), borrowed_context.input_slice()).unwrap();
+    let (_, actual_tokens) = zero_lexical_parser(context.clone(), word.as_slice()).unwrap();
 
     dbg!(&tokens, &actual_tokens);
     assert_eq!(tokens.len(), actual_tokens.len());

tests/tokenizer/mod.rs

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ pub fn nom_lexical_parser(mut input: &str) -> IResult<&str, Vec<LexicalToken>> {
 }
 
 pub fn zero_lexical_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     mut input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, Vec<NewLexicalToken>> {
     let mut array = vec![];

tests/tokenizer/zero_parsers.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use zero_parser::text::{char_parser, one_of, string_parser};
 use zero_parser::{alternate, parser::satisfy};
 
 pub fn keyword_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     tuple((
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub fn keyword_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn delimiter_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     alternate!(
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ pub fn delimiter_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn operator_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     alternate!(
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ pub fn operator_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn identifier_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     tuple((
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ pub fn identifier_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn decimal_integer_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     tuple((
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ pub fn decimal_integer_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn octal_integer_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     tuple((
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ pub fn octal_integer_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn hexadecimal_integer_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     tuple((
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ pub fn hexadecimal_integer_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn integer_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     alternate!(
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ pub fn integer_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn float_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     tuple((
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ pub fn float_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn literal_string_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     quote(char_parser('"'), any(), char_parser('"'))
@@ -211,14 +211,14 @@ pub fn literal_string_parser(
             let length = x.len();
             NewLexicalToken {
                 token_type: LexicalTokenType::LiteralString,
-                literal_value: &x[1..length],
+                literal_value: &x[1..length - 1],
             }
         })
         .parse(context, input)
 }
 
 pub fn comments_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, ()> {
     alternate!(
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ pub fn comments_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn junk_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, ()> {
     alternate!(
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ pub fn junk_parser(
 }
 
 pub fn combine_parser(
-    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
+    context: Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>,
     input: &[char],
 ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken> {
     alternate!(

tests/zero_parser_tests.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+extern crate core;
+
 use crate::tokenizer::zero_parsers::{
     combine_parser, comments_parser, decimal_integer_parser, delimiter_parser, float_parser,
     hexadecimal_integer_parser, identifier_parser, integer_parser, keyword_parser,
@@ -13,16 +15,12 @@ mod tokenizer;
 
 fn assert_lexical_parser(
     except: LexicalToken,
-    parser: fn(
-        Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>,
-        &[char],
-    ) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken>,
+    parser: fn(Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>, &[char]) -> ParserResult<char, NewLexicalToken>,
     input: &str,
 ) {
-    let context = ParserContext::new_with_str(input, ());
-    let borrowed_context = context.borrow();
-    let input = borrowed_context.input_slice();
-    let (_, token) = parser(context.clone(), input).unwrap();
+    let context = ParserContext::new(());
+    let word: Vec<char> = input.chars().collect();
+    let (_, token) = parser(context.clone(), word.as_slice()).unwrap();
 
     assert_eq!(except, token);
 }
@@ -30,11 +28,11 @@ fn assert_lexical_parser(
 fn assert_parser<T, F>(except: T, parser: F, input: &str)
 where
     T: PartialEq + Debug,
-    F: Fn(Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<char, ()>>>, &[char]) -> ParserResult<char, T>,
+    F: Fn(Rc<RefCell<ParserContext<()>>>, &[char]) -> ParserResult<char, T>,
 {
-    let context = ParserContext::new_with_str(input, ());
-    let borrowed_context = context.borrow();
-    let (_, token) = parser(context.clone(), borrowed_context.input_slice()).unwrap();
+    let context = ParserContext::new(());
+    let word: Vec<char> = input.chars().collect();
+    let (_, token) = parser(context.clone(), word.as_slice()).unwrap();
 
     assert_eq!(except, token);
 }